Do Don't Does Doesn't übungen Pdf

Willkommen! Learning the ins and outs of Do, Don't, Does, and Doesn't can be tricky in English, especially if it's not your native language. But fear not! This guide is designed to help you navigate these common words with ease, making your travels and interactions in English-speaking countries smoother and more enjoyable. We'll break down the basics, provide clear examples, and even offer some handy practice exercises (Übungen!), all available in PDF format for convenient access on the go.

Understanding the Basics: Do and Does

Let's start with the fundamental difference between Do and Does. These words are primarily used as auxiliary verbs (helping verbs) to form questions and negative statements in the present simple tense. Think of them as tools that help you construct sentences correctly.

Do: Your Go-To for Most Subjects

Do is used with the following subjects:

I (Ich)
You (Du/Sie/Ihr)
We (Wir)
They (Sie – plural)

Here are some examples:

Question: Do you speak English? (Sprechen Sie Englisch?)
Negative Statement: I do not (don't) understand. (Ich verstehe nicht.)
Question: Do we need a reservation? (Brauchen wir eine Reservierung?)
Negative Statement: They do not (don't) accept credit cards. (Sie akzeptieren keine Kreditkarten.)

Notice the pattern? Do always precedes the subject in a question and follows the subject in a negative statement (or is contracted to 'don't').

Does: Reserved for the Third Person Singular

Does, on the other hand, is exclusively used with the third person singular subjects:

He (Er)
She (Sie)
It (Es)

Here are some examples:

Question: Does he know the way? (Kennt er den Weg?)
Negative Statement: She does not (doesn't) work here. (Sie arbeitet hier nicht.)
Question: Does it rain often in this area? (Regnet es oft in dieser Gegend?)
Negative Statement: It does not (doesn't) include breakfast. (Es beinhaltet kein Frühstück.)

Again, Does precedes the subject in a question and follows the subject in a negative statement (or is contracted to 'doesn't'). The important thing to remember is that when you use Does, the main verb remains in its base form (e.g., know, work, rain, include). You don't add an "-s" or "-es" to the verb.

Don't and Doesn't: Contractions for Negation

Now let's look at the contractions: Don't and Doesn't. These are simply shortened versions of "do not" and "does not," respectively. They are much more common in everyday conversation than the full forms.

Don't: The Short and Sweet "Do Not"

Don't is used exactly as "do not" would be, with the same subjects:

I
You
We
They

Examples:

I don't like spicy food. (Ich mag kein scharfes Essen.)
You don't need to worry. (Du brauchst dir keine Sorgen zu machen.)
We don't have any questions. (Wir haben keine Fragen.)
They don't live here anymore. (Sie wohnen nicht mehr hier.)

Doesn't: The Concise "Does Not"

Similarly, Doesn't is the contracted form of "does not" and is used with:

Examples:

He doesn't speak German. (Er spricht kein Deutsch.)
She doesn't understand the instructions. (Sie versteht die Anweisungen nicht.)
It doesn't matter. (Es ist egal.)

Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

One of the most frequent errors is using Does with subjects that require Do, and vice versa. For example:

Incorrect: Does they have a menu in English?
Correct: Do they have a menu in English?
Incorrect: He don't like coffee.
Correct: He doesn't like coffee.

To avoid these mistakes, always identify the subject of the sentence and then choose the correct auxiliary verb (Do or Does) accordingly. Remember the "he, she, it" rule for Does!

Another common mistake is forgetting to use the base form of the verb after Does or Doesn't:

Incorrect: She doesn't speaks English.
Correct: She doesn't speak English.
Incorrect: He doesn't likes coffee.
Correct: He doesn't like coffee.

Always use the base form of the verb – the form you would find in the dictionary – after Does or Doesn't.

Übungen (Exercises): Practice Makes Perfect!

To solidify your understanding, here are some practice exercises. We’ve also prepared a downloadable PDF version for you to use offline! (Link to PDF will be inserted here. Assume it's called "do_does_exercises.pdf")

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks with Do or Does

Choose the correct auxiliary verb to complete each sentence:

______ you need help?
She ______ not want to go.
______ he work on weekends?
They ______ not understand the question.
______ it cost extra to park here?
We ______ not have any money.
______ you speak French?
He ______ not know the answer.
______ they sell stamps at the post office?
It ______ not seem fair.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the Sentences Using Don't or Doesn't

Rewrite each sentence using the contracted form of the negative:

I do not want to go shopping.
He does not like to cook.
They do not live in this city.
She does not understand the instructions.
We do not have time for that.
It does not work properly.
You do not need to worry.
He does not speak Spanish.
They do not sell tickets here.
It does not include drinks.

Answer Key (available in the PDF): Check your answers against the key provided in the downloadable PDF to see how you did!

Do, Does, Don't, Doesn't in Action: Real-Life Scenarios

Let's see how these words are used in common travel and everyday scenarios:

At a Restaurant: "Do you have a table for two?" / "He doesn't eat meat." / "We don't have a reservation."
Asking for Directions: "Do you know where the museum is?" / "She doesn't live far from here." / "Does this bus go to the city center?"
Shopping: "Do you accept credit cards?" / "It doesn't come in a smaller size." / "They don't offer refunds."
At a Hotel: "Does the room have a balcony?" / "He doesn't want room service." / "We don't need any extra towels."

Remember: Pay attention to the subject of the sentence, and you'll be able to choose the correct auxiliary verb every time.

Conclusion: Confidently Using Do, Does, Don't, and Doesn't

Mastering Do, Does, Don't, and Doesn't might seem daunting at first, but with a little practice, you'll be using them correctly and confidently in no time. Remember to review the rules, practice with the exercises provided in the PDF, and pay attention to how native speakers use these words in real-life conversations. Good luck, and enjoy your travels!

We hope this guide has been helpful. Download the Übungen PDF and keep practicing! Happy travels and viel Glück!